Introduction Economic problems in general and financial challenges in particular are not new on the world stage. It is difficult to imagine of a point in time when there is no country in the world experiencing economic difficulties. Even when large economies such as the United States and China are...
Introduction It is quite logical for a person to assume that when oil prices increase, the stock market will drop because of the negative correlation of the two variables. It makes sense that when oil prices increase, fuel will be expensive and therefore the cost of transportation, production, and expenses...
Introduction The income statement in other words known as the profit and loss account is one of the most important financial statements prepared in any business enterprise. It is prepared on an annual basis and shows the profit or loss in a gross or net form that the organization has...
Introduction Globalization has been escalated by the interdependence between nations around the world. To facilitate this interdependence, countries have been trading their currencies in the foreign exchange market. This has led to the emergence of the global financial markets (Altman, 2009). The modern global financial market is deemed to have...
Introduction The financial crisis that hit Asian countries in late 1997 was caused by the implementation of financial policies by the International Monetary Fund. The IMF had formed programs meant to support the economy of Asian countries; Korea, Indonesia and Thailand. These programs were successful in restoring economic growth by...
Introduction Banking plays a significant role in an economy; the main function of a bank is receiving deposits from the public and lending or investing the deposits. In conventional banking, deposits earn an interest and a borrower pays a loan advanced with an interest higher than the interest earned by...
Introduction The efficient market hypothesis (EMH) popularly known as the Random walk theory asserts that stock prices fully reflect information about their past performance and probable future events. Reliance on the power of markets proved fleeting when the tension of the 2008 credit crunch and market bubbles all come to...
The rapid rate of globalisation is one of the reasons that most organisations are aiming for perfection in their output products and services. This perfection will not be soundly achieved if proper decisions are not made. For most decisions to be made in the organisation, accounting procedures must have taken...
General Electric The main driving challenge for GE is based on the question “Why predict the future when you can create it?” The company has a great history built on research and great inspiration in a bid to create a brighter tomorrow. The company has demonstrated great ingenuity driven by...
Introduction Monetary policy is all about the measures taken by a central bank of a country to regulate its money supply and interest rate to control inflation and stabilize its currency. The monetary policy is one of the mechanisms other than the fiscal policy the governments can use to influence...
Introduction Accountability of public funds is a key pillar of a financial system, the recent corporate debacles and cases of poor corporate governance in the United States have led to the loss of faith in financial institutions, among the American public including financial investors. The level of greed and carelessness...
Introduction Economic development among societies is the single most important goal pursued by people across the world. Every individual, community, society and nation strives to achieve higher levels of development in order to avail higher and better living standards to the masses. The three most important parties in this development...
Introduction East Asian economies seem relatively stable compared to most countries in Asia and the other parts of the world. This is even though they have experienced serious challenges ranging from economic problems, cold wars to physical wars among themselves and with other countries from the international community. Historical problems...
Saudi Arabia has been on the recent late been attracting many foreign businesses into their country. The Saudi Arabian market’s ability to attract investment is due to reasons such as favorable investment climate, government policies, and its strategic position. The Saudi Arabian population has high spending power because of a...
Introduction Macroeconomics deals with the study of aggregate indicators of the economy. They include gross domestic product, unemployment rates, inflation and price indices. Macroeconomics is understood through the development of models that simplify the workings of the economy. Output, inflation, savings, national income, economic output, investment, internal and external finance...
Aswath (2002) defines a budget as the listing of all planned expenses and revenues. This is the blueprint of the savings and spending that a particular organization shall be operating within the confines of it. The stated limits should not be extended and strictness is what calls for success in...
Being the standard type, a business structured as a C corporation subjects its shareholders to double taxation. First, the business files Form 1120 and pay a corporate tax rate of 40% on net income after expenses. Every shareholder that receives dividends must report those and pay a personal tax rate...
Oil is one of the most important sources of modern energy and countries which are well endowed with the resource are equally doing well in terms of economic growth. It is also important to note that the quantity of oil produced by s country against the demand of the product...
Introduction Starting from the mid-eighteenth century, Voluntary organizations have significantly contributed to the wellbeing of the society in the United States of America. From those early days up to mid nineteenth century, less importance was placed to the organizations despite their immense contribution in the society. However, analyzing the data...
The commencement and sustenance of any business enterprise require capital as well as other funding to smoothly operate in the prevailing high competitive business environment. However, this may not be easy to realize given the scarcity of financial resources exhibited in the business market. Therefore, investors including companies and even...
Introduction The impacts of climatic change have caused threat to the survival of human kind in all corners of the world. Climatic change has resulted from global warming that has increased due to continued use of fossil fuels that emit carbon into the atmosphere. “Whether or not global warming is...
Introduction The idea of establishing a central bank in Thailand came about during the reign of King Rama IV after the 1932 uprising. The idea was proposed by the Economic Plan People’s Party (EPPP). They felt that there was need to establish a central bank to provide mechanisms for pursuing...
Introduction In 1945 Sam Walton opened small chain franchises known as Ben Franklin Franchises which were a successful move for him (Hardeep, Rizwan and Avtaar). He always looks for deals with suppliers but retailers tend to fail in getting a good price which gave him a momentous idea of transferring...
Introduction The U.S government acts as the regulator in the stock markets and other specific industries. In ensuring high maintenance of the U.S economy, the government controls inflation and employment at lower levels. To achieve this, the government employs two mechanisms: the monetary policy and the fiscal policy. The monetary...
Introduction Capital Adequacy is a financial term that is used to define the regulatory guidelines that requires financial institutions such as banks to reserve certain percentage of their Primary Capital Base that is consistent with the institutions lending. A bank must ensure that it capital base assets is at a...
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to highlight the dangers faced by the public when trading in the stock exchange. The prices of stocks within the exchange can be manipulated in various ways in order to suit certain individuals. Manipulations are manifested in the form of insider trading, starting...
Introduction The portfolio management as an investment approach requires in depth analysis of the investment market and the stock levels, represented on the stock markets. Additionally, this analysis requires the consideration of the strength, weakness, opportunities and threats of the marketing situation from the perspectives of threat of choice and...
Introduction The financial crisis that hit the globe starting from the year 2008 led to major problems for countries across the world, especially in the financial sector. Major financial institutions collapsed, economic growth came to a stand still and the stock markets were thrown in turmoil. The tourism and housing...
Introduction Fair value in accounting and its various applications has been debated and criticized by various critics as having a hand in the financial crisis. This paper is a presentation of arguments on how the use of fair value led to financial crisis. The collapse of various financial institutions and...
There have been some significant efforts towards business diversification since profit maximization has been the focus of many firms. In recent periods, firms aim at globalizing their activities to attain their objectives, given the stiff competition that has been witnessed in their home market. Critical analysis though, should be done...
Abstract Return predictability and overreaction of investors in the stock market have an impact on the efficient market hypothesis. This research paper has examined the evidence of this statement in the existing literature by economists and behavioural psychologists. The role of the efficient market hypothesis in the stock market has...
The implications of the financial crises In the past years the world has suffered the largest financial crises ever experienced which led to drastic increase in many countries inflation due to its effects in the financial market. The financial crisis experienced globally has affected many states across the globe even...
Introductions With so many outlets throughout Saudi Arabia, Samba bank has used its chain to branch out into other retail segments. The bank also has big plans for the future, setting the goal of expanding its chain to other parts of the world. Samba bank also continues to invest in...
Introduction The researchers investigate the impact of implementation of International Financial Reporting Systems on key financial rations in Finland. In 2005, listed companies in the European Union made a step towards financial reporting from a bank-based to a market-oriented system when they implemented reporting in the International Financial Reporting Standards...
Introduction Like all companies including both public and private entities federal governments of all countries also plan and develop federal budgets for their operations of the next fiscal year. Preparation of federal is a complex procedure that involves extensive round-ups of discussion, evaluations, valuations, and recommendations by various public offices...
Executive Summary After carrying out extensive financial research on aerated concrete industries, and Gulf Cement Company I have gathered important information and made necessary conclusions for the current users of financial statements of the three companies. The paper is beginning by giving the company overview of aerated concrete industries followed...
Introduction Trade exports of developing countries have shifted from primary products-oriented to manufactures and services-oriented, over the past half century. The movement has been influenced by the growingly globalized international trade and the desire to become more competitive. Some countries, China and India, have indeed emerged as fierce competitors in...
Introduction Savola Group is a company trading in Saudi Arabia stock exchange and was founded in 1979, without the aim of packing and manufacturing edible oil. The company expanded into other sectors. After incorporation the companies shared packing products like sugar refining and opened various retailing outlets. It does not...
Introduction It is imperative to examine three fundamentals before understanding the current economic crisis. Firstly, the current state represents the disintegration of the interlocking arrangements on which the world economy operates on since the eighties. These include the provisional solution to the capital problem that arose a decade earlier. Secondly,...
Introduction The WTO member states have since 1995 been using this system to solve disputes. The mechanism of finding solutions to issues brings onboard interested countries, whether developing or developed, to help them solve trade cases as a way of honoring the predictability and security of this multilateral trade system...
US energy market is rightfully considered one of the biggest and most influential in the world. As it stands, the US is one of the world’s largest producers of energy from fossil fuels and one of the major consumers of such in the market. According to the EIA (Energy Information...
Introduction Globalization is the process of interaction and integration among people, cultures, and nations. Having accelerated in the 20th century, it became one of the main aspects of the transition to modernity for countries worldwide. The cultural dimension of globalization involves both the sharing of ideas and values across cultures...
Abstract The Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (CEMAC) was a bid to promote trade and economic integration as well as create a greater degree of solidarity within the region of Central Africa. Established by Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon,...
Introduction The Canadian Department of Finance should consider Income and price policy issues as crucial in the next two years while offering advice. These two issues are fundamental in facilitating and streamlining wealth distribution in any country. During this period prices are expected to increase at a higher rate as...
Graphical Portrayal This part of the paper mainly concentrates on the graphical representation of the macroeconomic process of coordination using a single diagram with the level of interest plotted on the vertical axis and the GDP, ADP and ASF values plotted on the horizontal axis. A vertical line is mapped...
Introduction Bilateral trade has been existent between the U.S and China but it has rapidly risen in recent years. From the China customs statistics, the country’s exports to the U.S rose from US$52.1 billion in 2000 to US$162.9 billion in 2005. On the other hand, U.S exports to China also...
Corporate bond ratings Bonds are given ratings depending on the worthiness of its credit value. During this process, letters that normally range from AAA to C are assigned to the bonds expressing these credit ratings or credit-quality for investments. The highest credit-quality grade is normally given the letters AAA where...
Introduction When delegates from all the 44 allied nations met at Bretton Woods in 1944 with the main objective of regulating the money system globally, they did not consider the mishaps that would hit the financial market in the near future. The conference took place just after the end of...
A Ponzi scheme is a fraud that occurs in investments set up to dupe unsuspecting investors (Zuckoff, 2005, p.24). This illegal investment scheme began with Charles Ponzi in 1920 and was named after him. The fraudsters promise investors that they invest their money in high income-generating investments. Fraudsters also claim...
TNA’s main business is developing and innovating packaging equipment. Its products include distribution, weighing, identification and display strip solutions, just to mention a few. For the purpose of this paper, it is assumed that the business is considering the possibility of further international growth. In particular the business is considering...
Monetary Policy Monetary policy refers to the checking of the supply of money and interest rates by central banks to ensure stable prices and employment prevail in an economy (Melvyn, 2002). Monetary Policy entails the changes in the rates of interest to influence the growth rate and eventually the total...
Introduction The world is changing rapidly due to the integration and fusion of production, trade, communications etc. This global village is the outcome of universal financial markets, changes in transportation and revolutions in telecommunications. Due to the development of media and information technology, information is available in every nook and...
Ratings of the corporate bond Bonds are usually rated according to their credit worthiness. Letters are assigned to the bonds expressing their respective credit worth for investments. Bonds with the highest credit-quality are normally assigned the letters AAA whereas those bonds with average credit worth are given letters BBB. Further,...
UAE Banking Industry Analysis According to Industry Research Solution (2008), the banking industry in the United Arab Emirates has witnessed a strong economic growth, increased government support and growing loan segments to emerge as one of the largest and strongest banking industry in the Middle East. The industry became the...
Globalization is the process of interdependency and connectivity of economic, social, cultural and political systems of the world (Giddens, 72). The process of globalization has been accelerated by the improvement of communication infrastructure. Technological advances have also contributed to the process of globalization as they have provided a platform upon...
There are several forms of business organizations such as sole proprietorship operated by a single person, partnerships that collect people of like mind to pursue an undertaking to get profits, incorporated organizations such as public limited companies and private limited as well as unlimited companies that are legally a separate...
Abstract This paper will look at the process that a consumer goes through before making a decision. Special emphasis will be in the hotel and service industry. The paper will begin by giving a critical analysis and differences between the process a consumer takes to make a decision and the...
Summary This is a report on the impact of a tax rate increase on an organization with a loan portfolio of £ 6.5million. The increase of interest rate by 0.5% will increase the interest expense and therefore have an effect on the cash flows of the company. Any manager must...
A perfectly competitive market structure is a structure in which all firms compete against each other equally. All firms are equal and there is no such large firm to dominate in the market structure. Perfectly competitive market structures are characterized by free entry and exit, production of homogenous products, and...
Introduction Every organization aims at maximizing on the earned revenue and minimizing the costs incurred. However, the ability of the firm to achieve these objectives is usually met with some difficulties that are associated with factor inputs. Company management is responsible for making optimal decisions regarding the various levels of...
Marginal Revenue Marginal revenue can be defined as the transformation in total revenue arising from selling an extra unit. Marginal revenue can also be taken to be comparable to the price of the output (Lehman & Png, 2007, p.92). Khanna, OP and Jain, TR, (2010) on the other hand defined...
Summary of the Report This report is entirely focused on the Commonwealth Bank, which is one of the largest banks in Australia. It is the largest bank when market share is used as the gauge for size. The bank was established in 1911. Through good management, diversification and a good...
Introduction Financial institutions are a key element of the modern economy and form the corner stone of the overall financial system (Anonymous, 2001). In order for all the sectors of an economy to perform efficiently, the sectors have to be backed by strong financial frameworks and institutions that have the...
Introduction The country Qatar as it is known is located in the Asian continent among a cluster of Arab countries in the Middle East. “The country is surrounded by a large part of the Arabian Peninsula and occupies a smaller portion of the Arabian Peninsula. Saudi Arabia borders Qatar to...
Abstract Due to the steady growth in its economy, China has become one of the world’s most stable economy and the second largest in the world. This growth has been achieved as a result of strong fiscal policies and market oriented strategies by the key players in the Chinese economy....
The role of the US in the global economy In recent times, the American dominance is severely vulnerable to the attacks from perceived enemies and rivals who are hostile to American ideologies. This situation is because of the information from the international community and her allies especially from Europe. Watson...
Introduction China and the United States of America are currently the two largest and fastest-developing economies in the global scope, and the fact that the two countries compete fiercely in all spheres of activity brings additional controversy to their complicated international trade relations (Anonymous, 2010, 75 – 76). The recent...
Introduction The European commission is the world’s largest donor in the (ODI) official Development aid. They are very important in the development of the poor countries. In fact, they hold the top discussion on financing countries for development (European commission, 2009, para. 2).The European commission comes out as a giant...
Introduction Definition of capital structure Capital structure has been defined as financial company mix that is a function of company long term debt (Harper & Endres, pp.30-1), specific company short term debt, company common equity (Casson, pp.327-8) and company preferred equity (Kor et al, pp.1188-9). Capital structure has been identified...
The Euro is a currency that was founded in 1957 and is used in some countries that are members of the European Union (EU). It is the official currency and is used by sixteen out of twenty-seven countries that form the European Union. The EU is a union that deals...
Introduction Elasticity is a measure of responsiveness. That is, how a change in one variable results in a change in another. For example an elastic commodity is one when its prices go up then its demand goes down. In addition when the supply of that commodity increases then the prices...
Introduction There is a general perception that tax cut is a revolutionary solution to economic woes of a country. Economic activists are always pushing and calling on governments to trim down taxes on finished commodities, raw materials and even the products which are still in production. The issues which economists...
Introduction Free trade is a system that encompasses trade policies which allow traders to perform or discharge their mandate without government intervention. This essay discusses how free trade has paralyzed developing countries. It points out that protectionism policy and liberalization of trade by developed nations have provided a hindrance to...
Money supply is usually seen as a vital factor that determines the economic activity of a given nation. Senior finance analysts are therefore keen in making and maintaining Federal Reserve reports which handles the changes in money supply. Such changes normally take two sides. The supply can either increase or...
A free-market economy is a market that is not regulated by the government and international policies and these policies only ensure that property rights and contracts are observed. Various arguments are made in favor of a free-market economy. To start with, it ensures that resources are allocated efficiently. In a...
Introduction According to the Australian Trade Commission (2010), Australia is regarded as a very attractive FDI destination. In the course of the last five years, there has been an increase in the inward foreign direct investment stock each year by a percentage of 9.1. At the present time, this country...
Introduction In economics, a budget deficit is the excess of expenditure over income for a given entity in a certain fiscal year. It, therefore, occurs when more is spent than what is earned. On the other hand, when an entity’s income exceeds its expenditure, it is said to have a...
Introduction Following the currently experienced high rate of globalization in many regions across the world, the study of micro-economic models/theories has found its significance and relevance in various real-life situations. Considering various theories like the price theory and the law of demand among others, it has become very important for...
Introduction to Kuwait Economy Kuwait is one of the richest countries in the Muslim world. In addition to these it’s a sovereign Arab emirate. It’s mainly an Arab speaking country with its population estimated to be 3 to3.5 million people which includes approximately 2 million non nationals. Kuwait’s GDP growth...
Introduction Marketing is a long trail of process which ranges from drawing a raw strategy, setting the value of goods and services, creating consumer awareness to spreading out of different available concepts (DuBrin, 2010: 60). The hallmark of this process is to enhance the supply of goods and services in...
Introduction Non-tariff barriers (NTBS) are restrictions or barriers on imports rather than the common border tariffs. According to Beghin (2006, p.56) non-tariff barrier were introduced after the world trade organization reduced the use of tariffs. Nontariff barriers affect trade of goods and service and also influence the factors of Production....
Introduction In order to comprehend money we have to start from a point where there is no money. In ancient times, Money was used by many nations and kingdoms and was in the form of many things, from cowrie shells to coins; in addition, rice, clothes and salts were used...
Introduction The origin of the banking rooted in the time when the Roman conquered British regions and started banking business there. At that time, they mainly introduced two types of banking, one was for the elite class, and another was purely for professional. The activities of the bank bound to...
Introduction Globalization is a process of integration of regional economies and cultures into a global network of trade. In most cases the term globalization refers to economic globalization. Nations integrate into the international market in terms of technology, trade, capital flows or investments. Economic globalization refers to the increase in...
Introduction The recent global economic crisis had a major impact on various industries, a majority of which are still reeling from the aftermath of this historic economic meltdown. The housing market is no exception. Consequently, the housing market across various states in the United States remains quite relatively weak as...
The global market is undergoing one of its worst shakeups in the history of the world. This has been caused by the effects of the global recession that the world had been experiencing in the last few years. The effects of this recession have changed the way companies endeavor to...
Introduction In the 20th century, Argentina was one of the world’s richest economies but it is now counted as a third world country having about 25% of the world’s debts owed by third world countries. The recent Argentine economic crisis was experienced between 1999 and 2002 causing the slump of...
Introduction Human Resource is one of the major departments in the corporate world as it contributes to effective running of an organization. Human resource as a department dates back in the previous years when it was known as Personnel Relation. According to history, HR initially had several nicknames which include...
Introduction Globalization has led to various changes to how business is carried out. One of the areas that have experienced tremendous changes in the financial market. In the recent past, there has been unprecedented growth in the international finance market. The market has become large with many individuals and institutions...
The economic recession which started in September 2008 was as a result of uncontrolled and untenable lending practices in the real estate mortgages in the US. The collapse of the US stock market affected other major investment banks specifically Lehman Brothers. This culminated into a credit freeze which made it...
Introduction Globalization has facilitated cross-country trade and business and as such most people are seeking to establish businesses in foreign countries as they offer opportunities for geographical expansion as well as a greater market for the products and services of such businesses. To set up business in a foreign country,...
Introduction Definition of tax Some factors affect economic growth. One such factor is tax. Tax could affect the growth of an economy in either a positive or negative manner. Taxation is one of the ways through which the government collects revenue to finance its expenditure. In terms of definition, income...
Executive summary The Queens House project is a project of the National Charity Trust which is dedicated towards the construction of housing facilities for the poor and less fortunate. The company is a Non governmental Organization with branches spanning all major cities of the country. The NGO is specialized with...
Introduction Consumer behavior is influenced by a wide range of external factors one of them being culture. Perner (2008, para. 1) asserts that culture entails a wide range of influences imposed on a consumer by other individuals. Culture involves a wide range of components which include morals, rituals, values, customs,...
Introduction A financial shenanigan is a way of fooling people by the company revenue and the factors that affect it. This is seen as a way of fraud rent behavior that the company uses to manipulate its financial statement by overstating the profits, creating unrealistic cash balance, and understating the...
Introduction The product in the market as the result of various development process has to meet certain criteria for its success. The product was found as a result of brainstorming and innovation. Before its launch in the market, the product has to undergo certain plans and actions for being a...
Brief Summary This report presents researched findings and appropriate recommendations of business activities of Multinational Companies (MNCs) in third world countries. Based on the case of Cardinal Health Inc., this report attempts to address issues of shared profits and philanthropic activities of MNCs against government interventions prevalent through corruption and...
Over the years, various individuals have endeavourer to help shape the field of economics. While some have made modest contributions, there are those who have had a great impact on this field of study. The modern development in economics can be traced from the work of Adam Smith, an early...
Introduction Services, just like products are a necessary part of peoples’ lives and therefore there is need for players in the services sector to ensure they deliver quality services to consumers in an effective and efficient manner. A good example of a service sector industry is the financial services sector...
In the corporate world, the cost of goods is almost always directly proportional to the cost of production. This is the case more especially for manufactured goods, where the expenses incurred in the purchase of raw materials, transportation f both raw materials and finished products, and payments for labor are...