Economics Model Papers

Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC): Financial Analysis

The selected company is Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC), which is the leading global automotive company. It was established in 1937, and its head office is located in Aichi, Japan. The company operates through its subsidiaries, including Lexus, Daihatsu, Hino Motors and others in different countries. It is registered as incorporation,...

The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement’s Impact on the Economic Development of the US

Introduction International relation has been a norm which, many states recognize as to be of mutual benefit. Many states engage in free trade agreements so that they can mutually create a supportive economy for inter-business engagement. In 1994 Canada, the USA, and Mexico engaged in a multilateral treaty that became...

The Federal Reserve System: Structure and Functions

Abstract The Federal Reserve System, or The Fed in short, essentially fulfills the role of the U.S. central bank. The Federal Reserve has a well-developed, multilevel structure and possesses several vital functions, crucial for the U.S. economy. The Fed’s decisions have a significant impact on stock markets, financial institutions, and...

The Effects of Trade Liberalization on Developing Countries’ Economic Growth

Summary The economic growth of any country depends on how well that country allocates and utilizes its scarce resources, the rate at which the population is growing as well as the technological and institutional organizations of that country. Different countries vary in their resource endowments and this brings out the...

Economic Downturn on the Real Estate Business

Situational Analysis The main problem highlighted is the effect of the economic downturn on the real estate business ( specifically discussing the case of a minor, privately owned property management company)and its impact on the level of motivation of employees working in that organization. Since the profits are declining, the...

Does the Country Development Level Effect the Amount of Entrepreneurship?

Introduction Regardless of the fact that individuals tend to view entrepreneurship as that act of starting up and running business with the least amount of resources, it is important to understand that it is a business undertaking just like any other. In fact, it is entrepreneurship that entirely gives rise...

Aspects and Issues of Countertrade

If a company (from the U.S.) desires to export its products (finished lumber) to another country (the Philippines), but the would-be importer cannot get enough credit from domestic sources to pay for the shipment, there are some steps the exporter should take. If taken carefully, they will help the company...

Critical Thinking Strategies in Investment

The potential of a stock investment to generate returns depends on the prudent decision-making of an investor. Before committing resources to a particular project, it is fundamental to consider financial and economic concepts, such as the time value of money, to guarantee the realization of future benefits. Principles such as...

The BRICs and Global Imbalances

According to Thomas Friedman(2005), globalization is how the world has flattened. A global economy has provided all economies a chance to win in a game where the main rule is to survive. Globalization discourages countries from creating policies that would protect their domestic economic interest. It has created a self-help...

Canadian Macroeconomic Policies

Canada is one of the wealthiest nations in the world and, it has the tenth largest economy in the world, measured in US dollars. It is a member of OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) and the G8 (Group of Eight). The service industry dominates the economy and it...

“The Globalization of Markets” by Theodore Levitt

Article Summary For Levitt, the two forces defining business change around the world are globalization and industrialization. The scientist interprets these core concepts in terms of marketing. In The Globalization of Markets, Levitt argues that people around the world have essentially the same needs, and that technology helps to homogenize...

Effects of Globalization: Impact of Globalisation on India

Globalization is one of the most significant trends of the modern world. It affects all countries and preconditions the radical change in the international discourse. States acquire new options to interact at all levels, such as cultural, technological, and economic ones. However, the scope of the process and its significant...

Consumer Vehicle Brands in the UK

Introduction Skoda and BMW are among the world’s largest prosperous motoring companies. Skoda is an automobile manufacturer registered and headquartered in Czech Republic with multiple branches all over the world including UK and India. On the other hand, BMW is a German automobile manufacturer that has hitherto gained world class...

Economic Impact of Medieval Plague vs. Covid-19

Introduction The history of the world has seen multiple examples of global crises, which had a considerable impact on society. Outbreaks of lethal diseases happen spontaneously, and humanity exercises little control over them. In addition to high death tolls, pandemics affect a variety of processes, namely the global economy. The...

Natures and Effects of the International Gold Standard Between 1880 – 1914

Introduction The gold standard refers to a monetary system or a monetary standard under which the standard economic unit of account is a fixed weight of gold or the basic unit of a currency in a country is equal in value to and exchangeable for a specified amount of gold....

City of Dallas Fiscal Year 2012-2013 Budget Analysis

Introduction The budgeting process in any organization involves the application of priority mechanisms and the establishment of policies with accountability as a primary objective. The use of a budget by the City of Dallas is to act as a control system that ensures that revenues are expensed in a financial...

The UAE Avoiding Oil Curse Through Diversification

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a league of seven distinct emirates, which jointly make the third biggest economy in the Gulf region. It is the second-largest economy in terms of per capita output. The country’s economic growth has averaged roughly 5 percent over the last decade but has wavered...

Causes and Consequences of the 2008 Financial Crisis

Introduction The United States of America as well as other global economies went through a financial crisis. Many businesses could not perform well and banks lost funds due to changes in the interest rates. The level of unemployment was high and many families could no longer own homes because of...

The Islamic Banking: Principles of Practice

Introduction Islam is the second-largest religion after Christianity. It is also the fastest growing with members joining it every day. Being a Muslim means abiding by the set rules as governed by the holy teachings. One of the components of religion is the belief in Sharia laws, which are the...

Financial Concepts and Financial Ratios

Financial ratios are vital measures used to assess the different elements of the business, which ensures its survival and profitability. The financial ratios adopted by small business owners are similar to those critical for a large corporation but have different importance for both business structures. The main financial ratios highly...

Treasury Bills, Bonds and Notes

According to Amadeo (2012), treasury bills, bonds and notes are some are among the safest investments. Treasury bills, bonds and notes are marketable securities that a government sells in an effort to settle debts or raise cash to run its affairs. For that reason, they are backed by the government....

History of Taxation in the United States

The history of the United States of America on taxation began immediately after the country gained independence from the British government. A federal tax system that is similar to that of England was developed. The tariffs become the principal revenue-raising authority soon after the independence. In 1789, the constitution of...

Investment Decision Analysis and Capital Budgeting

Introduction In making investment decisions, cash flows are considered to be more important than accounting profits. This is from a financial management’s point of view. Any company will invest its finances for the sake of deriving a return, which is useful for four main reasons. One of them is to...

International Financial Reporting Standards Effects on Business

Introduction The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) is a principal set of bookkeeping standards adopted by nations worldwide. IFRS was established by the International Accounting Standards Board (IABS). This is an international standard for the preparation of financial statements of public industries. IFRS adoption is remarkably widespread with about 113...

Investments and Managed Funds in the Australian and Global Markets

Expected (average) return The expected return is the “estimation of the value of an investment, including the change in price and any payments or dividends calculated from a probability distribution curve of all possible rates of return” (Davidson, 2011). The rate of return for investment depends on the level of...

Financial Reporting Standards and Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Convergence

Abstract The paper describes the meaning of IFRS, GAAP and convergence as well as the impacts of the convergence to the public companies, accounting firms, small and medium companies. It further addresses the significant differences and similarities of IFRS and GAAP and their impacts on the financial statements. Finally, the...

“Process Outsourcing Benefits” vs. “Fair Exchange”

The following essay is a comparison of the article “Process Outsourcing Benefits” written by Duran and Duran and the article “Fair Exchange: Who Benefits from Outsourcing?” written by Barrera. The articles talk about the outsourcing of services by companies that operate in developed nations to those companies that are found...

Effects of Pegging the Saudi Riyal to the Dollar

Saudi Arabia presents an important case for studying inflation as the country has an extremely open economy with almost no restrictions on the movement of funds and goods. As the Saudi government undertook an ambitious project of boosting up the infrastructure with the earning from high oil prices in the...

The Basel 3 Standard Is the Basis of Framework

Introduction On 1st June 2011, the Basel III standard was finalized, which is the basis for a regulatory framework aimed at ensuring that in future global banks have adequate capital as this is a critical step in averting a recurrence of the global financial crisis witnessed in 2007 and 2008....

Whats Acquisition Refers in Firms or Mergers Fail

Introduction Acquisition refers to buying another firm so as to add to the firm’s strengths and also reduce its weaknesses (Henry, 2002). The merger is the same as an acquisition but it mostly refers to the process of combining two firms’ interests into one huge company which facilitates the growth...

Function and Operation Foreign Market in Australia

An exchange market is literally a place where money is traded and the exchange rate is determined for different currencies in the world. The main function of the foreign exchange market is to determine the prices at which goods and services of one country should be sold to another country....

Stock Market Investment: Meaning, Principles and Impact

What is the stock market? When a company needs to raise money, it has two options: it could either borrow money, or sell part of its shares in the stock market. Borrowing money is known in economic circles as debt financing while selling shares is known as equity financing. The...

The Monetary System of the United States

Every country has a monetary system that is put in place by the government. A monetary system refers to a set of mechanisms that are put in place by the government in order to supply money or provide cash to the country’s economy. A monetary system is a term used...

Personal Finance – Corporate Taxes

Introduction The current US tax system requires that corporate be taxed 35 percent, though most corporate manage to go around this figure by maximizing on the international tax loopholes. This may not be a bad thing, since such high rates of tax could stifle the US economic growth. Since most...

United States Dollar (USD) Overview

The US dollar has been in circulation since the 1600s before America became the United States. When the dollar first started circulating, the United States was still a collection of colonies that relied on various monetary standards. Nevertheless, the paper dollar was first used in the Massachusetts colony to bankroll...

Stock Market Efficiency Concept

Background to Study The efficiency of stock markets is an issue that elicited massive research for several decades as investors try to find ways of maximizing the value of their money in the securities exchange market. While a section of the researchers have argued that stock markets are efficient, meaning...

Credit Crisis and the Financial Market Liquidity

Executive Summary The primary goal of the paper is to understand the influence of the credit crisis on the financial market liquidity. In this instance, its impact on the inactivity of the debt markets, interest rates, and IPOs were analyzed. The literature review was used as a primary research tool...

Multiple Regression Analysis

The model summary (Table 1) presents relevant coefficients, which describe how the regression of the model fits the data analyzed. From the table, it is evident that the independent variable, salary per day, and the independent variables, namely, attractiveness, experience, and age, have a multiple correlation coefficient of 0.429. The...

A Balanced Economic Growth

Introduction The term ‘balanced economic growth’ denotes an economic state where a developing country’s investments in various sectors are sustainable. The microeconomic theory of any firm assumes that balanced economic growth can be related to supply-side policies, factor inputs, and technology. In fact, it is almost impossible to address the...

Behavioral Finance and Better Investment Decisions

Decision-making process entails handling complex situations. Kahneman (1982) describes it as a cognitive practice to prefer an alternate among numerous potential substitute scenarios. Decisions cannot be made by entirely depending on one’s resources. According to Kahneman (1982), failure to plan before making decisions may be very devastating to a person....

Comparison of Financial Markets Between Oman and Saudi Arabia

Financial markets of Oman and KSA As an integral part of global economy, the uncertainties in the Europe and the USA have seriously impacted the financial market trends of Saudi Arabia and Oman along with their stock market, although the oil producing economy kept remarkable sustainability in the balance of...

Capital Budgeting Techniques

Introduction “Capital budgeting is a planning process used to determine whether an organization’s long term investment projects are worth the funding of cash through the firm’s capitalization structure (debt, equity or retained earnings)” (Gervais, Heaton & Odean, 2011, p. 1737). Resources are naturally scarce. Therefore, proper allocation should be done....

Exploring the Validity of Fama and French’s Capital Asset Pricing Model

Introduction In an article published in 1992, Fama and French sought to establish the validity of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). Their study was titled ‘Rethinking Stock Returns’. In essence, capital asset pricing is the first model used in the valuation of assets held by business entities. The framework...

The Capital Budgeting Decision: Overview

Important consideration The basic considerations in capital budgeting decisions are: Time value of money: According to this factor, a dollar received today is valued highly compared with a dollar to be earned in the future (Bierman & Smidt, 2007). The logic is that a dollar currently held can earn interest...

Cost Management: The Operating Budget

The operating budget is a management tool for controlling the financial aspects of a firm. Although organizations prepare operating budgets annually, they can breakdown the budget preparation into either monthly or quarterly stages. The operating budget contains the revenues and expenses relating to everyday business activities in an organization. The...

Alrajhi Bank Financial Analysis

Introduction Financial analysis involves the assessment of performance of a business. A business in this case can be a company, a firm, a corporation or a financial institution. In this paper, the aim will be to analyze the financial statements of Al Rajhi bank situated in Saudi Arabia. The analysis...

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

Abstract The report offers the general idea and understanding of an administrative agency at the federal level. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has been used the case study. The report discusses the meaning and purpose of creating an administrative agency. The enabling Act that initiated the creation of the agency...

Monetary Policy and Managed Liquidity

Introduction Financial crises are some of the worst intractable global occurrences. The crises always differ in scale but rather exhibit similar effects on the affected populations and economies. The Global Financial Crisis (GFC) is arguably the most infamous financial crisis in recent times, only comparable to the Great Depression of...

CVP Income Statement, Break-Even Analysis, and Sales Mix Study

Essential features of a cost-volume-profit income statement The cost-volume-profit income statement is critical in the decision-making of a business. This type of income statement differs from the other type of statements used to report profits. This statement of income has numerous features that distinguish it as a tool used in...

Financial Performance Comparison of Islamic and Conventional Banks in UAE

Dubai Islamic Bank Financial Analysis for the Fiscal Period that Ended on 30 September 2012 in AED’ 000. Liquidity Ratios Current Ratio = Total Current Assets / Total Current Liabilities Total current assets=93,050,371 Total current liabilities=70,490,459 Current ratio=93,050,371/70,490,459=132% A high liquidity ratio implies that the bank has more current assets...

Investment Project Dell and Lenovo Stock

Meeting Investment Prerequisites The decision to invest this money will be based on a carefully planned framework to provide concepts, tools, and techniques necessary to achieve financial and investment goals. The investor will clearly define and meet the investment prerequisites needed to take care of the basics of life such...

The Financial Crisis

Introduction Numerous studies have put forward the government housing policy as the main cause of the 2008/2009 financial meltdown. In essence, the entire crunch occurred due to several factors, which were not addressed in time. For instance, the moves by the Bush Administration to enable middle-income earners own homes to...

Money Market Mutual Fund

Introduction Money market mutual fund refers to a mutual fund required by law to facilitate investments in low risk securities. The fund cushions investors from losses that result from credit, market and liquidity risks. Evidently, most companies prefer using money market fund because it has a lower level of risks...

Country Risk Analysis – UAE

Introduction The country risk analysis involves an evaluation of economic, political, and business risks of a particular country which may pose a significant influence on businesses. The county risk analysis is conducted to find out the risks associated with capital investment in a foreign country (Shapiro, 2009). Thus, in order...

The Customer Relationship Management in the Banking Industry in UAE

Introduction Over the years, the banking industry has evolved to adapt to changes brought about by technological advances. The internet provided one such opportunity for the banking industry to develop e-commerce. Customers are increasingly demanding for managed relationships. E-commerce has driven the need for virtual banking that is dynamic, allowing...

Apple Inc. International Strategy: The Context of International Business

Company overview Apple Inc. is a publicly listed American multinational company specializing in the production of high technology electronic products, computer hardware, and software (Apple Inc. 2010). Under the electronic hardware category, the company products include personal computers, media devices, mobile communication, and portable-digital music players. In addition to high-tech...

Microfinance in Islamic Banking

Introduction The core aspect of microfinance focuses on providing funding opportunities through loans or grants to marginalized people for investment into income generating activities and therefore, they become self-reliant (Rahim & Rahman, 2007). Many institutions, including the World Bank have identified microfinance models as potential solutions to poverty alleviation, addressing...

Financial Statements: Comprehensive Study in Accounting

Four Basic Financial Statements Financial statements are the basic means of communicating crucial accounting information about a corporation to interested parties. The four main financial statements include the income statement, balance sheet, statement of cash flows and statement of retained earnings. Purpose of the Four Financial Statements The Balance Sheet...

The Internet and Social Media Impact on the Sports Industry

Introduction The sporting industry is one of the fastest developing industries in the world. According to Kaser and Oelkers (2008), sports have been considered as entertainment other than investment. Sports have been in existence since time immemorial. This scholar holds that sporting events were organized to entertain the public and...

Financial Analysis of ExxonMobil

Assets The total assets of the company increased from $331,052 million in 2011 to $333,795 million in 2012. The increase in total assets amounted to $2,743 million. This is equivalent to a 0.8286% increase. The table presented below shows the composition of the assets. 2011 $ million 2012 $ million...

The Principles of Islamic Banking

Several scholars have tried to understand customers’ preferences in selecting the banks (Islamic as well as conventional) to deal with. Different customers have different perspectives about Islamic banking, but the general idea remains the same. Such preferences differ from country to country due to the existing cultural, legal, and financial...

Process and Product Design

Customer needs Customer needs were put into consideration so that the product could have good sales. The needs were considered because all products are aimed at meeting customer needs (Lawson 2006; Lin, Wang, Chen & Chang, 2008; Sundin & Bras 2005). If customer needs are meat by-products, then the products...

Islamic Financial System

Introduction Islamic finance is a financial system governed by the rules of the Holy Quran. According to its teachings, the only trustee of Allah’s wealth is human and, therefore, should be managed according to his commands. Islamic banks have been using the loss and profit-sharing principle. The Islamic finance system...

The Ways in Which Banking Firms in the UK Control Economic Activity

Banks are the financial institutions that provide services of currency exchanging, deposits and other lending activities (Cecchetti & Schoenholtz, 2011). They are also responsible for portfolio management. In England, banks do not play a part in the determination of prices, this role lies on the Bank of England, which is...

Financial Crisis Impact on Saudi Market

Abstract The financial crisis caused by the subprime house mortgage loans and several other financial and economic causes has had a severe negative impact on almost all the economies of the world. Banking and financial services were the worst hit sectors among other sectors affected by the financial crisis. The...

Islamic Banks and Conventional Banks in Malaysia Comparative Study

Introduction Two main types of banking models exist in the banking sector, viz. the conventional [commercial banks] and the Islamic banking patterns. Commercial banking operates based on a pure financial intermediation model. Consequently, the banks borrow from savers and they led to institutional and individual customers. Therefore, they “derive their...

International Finance Test the PPP Theory in Turkey and USA

The aim of the essay is to statistically test the PPP Theory. The theory is tested on the monthly inflation and exchange rate data derived for two countries, Turkey and the USA, from the OECD database (OECD). A simplified statistical analysis is used on monthly inflation and exchange rate data...

Analyses Al Hilal Bank as the Case

Executive Summary Islamic banking continues to be amongst the fastest expanding financial institution within the UAE banking industry. The fact is that Islamic banking has continued to operate for approximately over thirty years particularly in the Middle East. In UAE, Islamic banking accounts for over eighty percent of the total...

Capital Asset Pricing Model

Introduction The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) specifies the relationship between risk and the required rate of return on assets when they are held in well-diversified portfolios. It assumes that investors are rational and they choose among alternative portfolios based on each portfolio’s expected return and standard deviation. Furthermore, the...

Reinvent Capitalism – and Unleash a Wave of Innovation and Growth: Article Review

Any company highly values human capital which is the most important input into day-to-day operations of the firm. It is the responsibility of the management to ensure that each and every employee is satisfied with the conditions of work so that the employee can deliver to the maximum. As a...

Asian Financial Crisis and Its Effects

Executive Summary The global economy has proved that countries are interdependent and not closed economies. Thereby, the economic advancement of one country often depends on how a given country interacts with another country. Investors who have embraced capitalism and the mobility of funds across borders can invest across borders, therefore,...

The Accountant’s Role in the Organization

The single biggest positive impact that accurate accounting can have on an organization In cost accounting, accountants have the role of planning, designing, and controlling strategies that assist in making quality decisions on costing, pricing, budgeting, inventory management, and profit management. Other than operational decision-making, they are expected to come...

Banking Industry and Bank Analysis and Forecast

Introduction The latest economic crisis that resulted from a subprime crisis showed how several factors could affect the ability of banks to maintain their finances under stress. The consequence of an increase in the U.S interest rates and the falling house prices (the subprime mortgage rates) significantly augmented, leading to...

Retail Industry Analysis

First, we have oil prices. Since Saudi Arabia leads in the production and exportation of oil, the Saudi economy can easily be affected by any fluctuations in oil prices. Apart from affecting the nation’s economic growth, the effect will also be experienced at the Stock market. The stock prices will...

Islamic Banking in Malaysia and Lessons for Other States

Introduction Islamic banking has nowadays become a viable alternative to conventional banking system for believers and non-believers of Islamic faith. Islamic banking system was initially developed to cater for the needs of Muslims. However, it has expanded to provide services beyond the scope it was originally developed for (Venados, 2006,...

Risk Management in Islamic Finance

Introduction Islamic finance is one of the most effective financial organisations whose services and practices are characterised with high level of efficiency and effectiveness. The Islamic finance involves the process of restructuring the financial transactions in effort to satisfy the Islamic restrictions on practices of gambling and also the payment...

Audit Risks and Materiality: Financial Audits

Audit risks and materiality have a significant effect when applying the Generally Accepted Auditing Standards. It is risky that an auditor may not appropriately modify his or her opinion because of material misrepresentation of financial statements by the client. The concept of materiality recognizes that some items are inherent in...

Economics: Theory of National Income

A country’s national income is used to measure the goods and services produced within a period of one year. The theory of national income illustrates how wealth flows within an economy. In addition, the theory of national income can be used to determine the size of a country’s economic activities....

The Tiger Economies: China and India

Principle Since the early and mid 19th century economic recessions, few countries have been able to enjoy fully the proceeds of economic well being. Those that have achieved industrialization are a home for less than a fifth of the global population. China and India as against the United States over...

Meaning and Difference Between GDP and Gpi

Introduction In the early 1990s, it was believed that in human development and ecological economic growth the supply of money was reflective of loss in well-being. To calculate a country’s growth trend, one has to get the calculations that involve its domestic output and expenditure. For one to get to...

Public Finance: The Designing of Tax Systems

Introduction In many countries, taxation forms a single leading source of government revenue for funding national budgets. Other non-tax revenue sources such as foreign grants play a comparatively less significant role in sustaining public budgets than the role played by taxation. In general, governments use taxation to meet two main...

The Financial Statement Analysis CTY and TRS

Executive Summary This report presents the financial statement analysis for Country Road Limited (CTY) and the Reject Shop Limited (TRS) for two financial years alongside other significant information from the stock markets such as the stock price movements. Based on the analysis TRS is more risky than CTY, thus TRS...

Australian Economy: the Potential of the Gold Market

Executive summary The recent uncertainties experienced by the financial markets have seen many investors shift their wealth from riskier investments to more secure ones where returns are guaranteed and predictable. The prices of stocks have declined with investors incurring massive losses in their investment values and losing confidence in the...

The Definition and Role of Inflation

Introduction Inflation is known to affect the economic climate of a country. This could be short-term or long-term, depending on the level of intervention and other economic forces. If not properly dealt with, it could undermine the economic growth of a country. Role of inflation Inflation has often been described...

Factors Influencing Exchange Rates

Introduction An exchange rate is a rate at which one country trades against another on the foreign exchange market. For example, if the United States exchange rate for the Canadian dollar is $1.55, this means that one U.S. dollar can be exchanged for 1.55 Canadian dollars. If the present exchange...

Financial Statement Application: Balance Sheet

Introduction Accounting majorly involves the preparation of financial reports which form the basis of the organization’s data to rely on when making decisions. Some of the commonly prepared financial reports include budgets, cash books, cash flow statements, income statements, tax reports, and the balance sheet just to mention a few....

Investment Opportunity: Financial Statement Analysis

Introduction Every organization aims to maximize profit while minimizing costs. The operations of an organization in each business environment are aimed at ensuring that the organization achieves its objectives. The financial performance of an organization is important for investors. However, it is not the only measure of the performance of...

International Finance and Globalization

Introduction The demise of the Cold War in the 1990s was followed by a reaffirmation of ideals, principles, and values of liberal democracy courtesy of some western countries led by the United States and its allies. Capitalism and its political values derived from liberal democracy emerged as the new socioeconomic...

Recent Developments in the Banking System Regulation

Introduction UK banking system, as is the case with the entire global banking industry, is progressively recovering from the global economic turmoil which started in 2007. The economic crisis affected UK banks in varying degrees depending on a myriad of their internal and external business factors. Even though only two...

International Finance

Impacts of Capital inflows on Emerging markets Capital Inflow is the actual increase in the available funds from foreign sources to aid in foreign development. It has led to international globalization where thus facilitating capital mobility from developed nations to the capital deficiency third world nations. In 2010, the United...

Australian Market and Financial Crisis in 2008 and 2009

Introduction Stock markets are usually considered as the main indicators of the investor’s trust and interest in the country’s economy as well as the importance of how a country can facilitate its investors and businessmen to develop a healthy society and develop monetary fitness of the economy. Financial markets are...

Corporate Financial Management: Project Management

The capital budgeting process involves project generation, process evaluation, project selection, and project execution. These steps are necessary but more may be added to make the process more effective. It can be well appreciated that the capital budgeting process is one of the most significant decision areas. The initial expenditures...

Accounting: Debt Finance

Introduction Businesspersons, both in large-scale and small-scale businesses are constantly looking for capital to finance their operations. Other than owner’s capital (equity), there are a number of institutions offering debts to businesses; financial institutions, microfinance organizations, and government loans are offering loan capital at competitive rates of interests after making...

Management’s Dividend Policy

Czinkota (2007) emphasized the company’s dividend policy affects clientele investment options and is relevant to the shareholders’ tax obligations. The research focuses on the company’s dividend decision as one of the critical aspects of management’s financial activities. The research delves into the relevant dividend distribution theories. In the same manner,...

International Trading System. Multinational Enterprise

International trade refers to business that takes place between various countries on the international arena. The international trading system was established to ensure that all the countries that participate in international trade benefit evenly from the trade. International trade entails importing and exporting of goods to and from other nations....

Budgetary Control and Planning

Introduction There are many uncertainties that prevail in the business world and therefore, for managers and stakeholders to compete favorably or spend wisely in the rapidly shifting conditions, they need proper tools and proven budget control techniques to predict the major changes that are likely to affect them. Budgetary control...

Banking: Customers and Their Needs

The popularity of online banking in the UK has been increasing drastically in recent years. It is estimated that 41.4 million regular users of the internet use online banking (UK payments Administration 2011, p. 12). Financial institutions have embraced online banking because it serves them a good opportunity to market...

Banking Crisis. Policy-Making Points

Introduction As the world economies recover from the just ending financial crisis, the United States of America seems to have carried the largest burden with the collapse of major financial institutions, for example, the Lehman Brothers. While many attest the financial crisis to a historical crisis which is likely to...

Saudi Arabian British Bank Analysis

Introduction The abbreviation SABB Bank stands for the Saudi Arabian British Bank which is a joint stock company that was established in the year 1978. The bank officially took over the operations of the British Bank which had established itself in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the same year,...