Currently, there are quite a large number of different diseases that complicate life and cause people discomfort. Diseases such as diabetes, AIDS, and HIV, heart diseases accompany people for a long time, and it is often impossible to completely get rid of them. Adults often overeat, lead a sedentary lifestyle, as a result of which they suffer from heart diseases. This essay takes a closer look at the problem of heart disease for the United States population.
With the advent of many different food products and fast food businesses, alcohol, cars, and stress, fewer people began to lead a healthy lifestyle. As a result, this led to the probability of getting heart disease began to increase. Heart diseases can be called one of the real epidemics of the XXI century. The group in question is Americans from the state of Oklahoma, 45 years and older. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2019), 18.5% of Americans in Oklahoma have heart disease. This is quite a large number compared to many other states of America. The described characteristics include the nutrition of people with heart diseases in the state of Oklahoma in 2020.
There is a branch of behavioral economics that studies various factors connected to which people make rational or irrational decisions. Nash et al. (2021) state that people tend to make cognitive mistakes, but behavioral economics can influence people and push them to a healthy lifestyle. The strength of this source is that the author points out the disadvantages of this theory, which consist of the doctor’s reluctance to consider each case individually and prescribes the same drugs for the same diseases. The disadvantage of this source is that there are no accurate statistics about how successful this method is.
One of the most successful data collection methods is the method that studies a person, place, and time. Fris and Sellers (2014) describe this method in detail and claim that epidemiology arises according to specific prerequisites. The advantage of this source is a detailed analysis of the process, and the opposing side is that a person, place and time, in some cases, can be connected only indirectly.
Undoubtedly, the method of person, time, the place is one of the most suitable methods of collecting information. A source called Epidemiology for public health practice clearly describes this method and references the fact that this method is also indirect, that is, it is not always suitable for a specific situation. The disadvantage of this source is that it does not offer an additional method for analyzing data about the disease.
In conclusion, one of the correct methods of collecting raw data in determining a specific person, place, and time. Another method is the experimental method of data collection. It is based on the fact that a hypothesis is derived and an experimental model is created, and on the basis of this, the process of manipulation begins. The result of the manipulations performed will confirm or refute the hypothesis.
These methods will not be able to provide absolute completeness of identifying a specific case since both of these methods may not consider certain factors that may affect the epidemiological situation. Each of them is aimed at studying a particular person and does not consider such characteristics as, for example, heredity. This factor can also have a significant impact on human health and the epidemiological situation in general.
References
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). Coronary Heart Disease, Myocardial Infarction, and Stroke — A Public Health Issue. Web.
Friis, R. H., & Sellers, T. A. (2014). Descriptive epidemiology: Person, place, time. In Epidemiology for public health practice (5th ed.). Jones & Bartlett.
Friis, R. H., & Sellers, T. A. (2021). Epidemiology for public health practice (6th ed.). Jones & Bartlett.
Nash, D. B., Skoufalos, A., Fabius, R. J. & Oglesby, W. H. (2021). Health promotion and health behavior. In Population health: Creating a culture of wellness (3rd ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.